Accountancy is the art of communicating financial information about a business entity to users such as shareholders and managers. The communication is generally in the financial´s form statements that show in money terms the economic resources under the control of management; the art lies in selecting the information that is relevant to the user and is reliable. Accountancy is a branch of mathematical science that is useful in discovering the causes of success and failure in business. The principles of accountancy are applied to business entities in three divisions of practical art, named accounting, book-keeping, and auditing.

Accounting is defined by the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants (AICPA) as “the art of recording, classifying, and summarizing in a significant manner and in terms of money, transactions and events which are, in part at least, of financial character, and interpreting the results thereof.”

Advertising is a non-personal form of communication intended to persuade an audience (viewers, readers or listeners) to purchase or take some action upon products, ideals, or services. It includes the name of a product or service and how that product or service could benefit the consumer, to persuade a target market to purchase or to consume that particular brand. These brands are usually paid for or identified through sponsors and viewed via various media.

Advertising can also serve to communicate an idea to a mass amount of people in an attempt to convince them to take a certain action. Several types of mass media are: television, internet, radio, news programs, and published pictures & articles.

Commercial advertisers often seek to generate increased consumption of their products or services through branding, which involves the repetition of an image or product name in an effort to associate related qualities with the brand in the minds of consumers. Different types of media can be used to deliver these messages, including traditional media such as newspapers, magazines, television, radio, outdoor or direct mail; or new media such as websites and text messages. Advertising may be placed by an advertising agency on behalf of a company or other organization.

Architecture can mean :
• The art and science of designing and erecting buildings and other physical structures.
• The practice of an architect, where architecture means to offer or render professional services in connection with the design and construction    of a building, or group of buildings and the space within the site surrounding the buildings, that have as their principal purpose human    occupancy or use.
• A general term to describe buildings and other structures.
• A style and method of design and construction of buildings and other physical structures.

Architecture is both the process and product of planning, designing and constructing form, space and ambience that reflect functional, technical, social, and aesthetic considerations. It requires the creative manipulation and coordination of material, technology, light and shadow. Architecture also encompasses the pragmatic aspects of realising buildings and structures, including scheduling, cost estimating and construction administration. As documentation produced by architects, typically drawings, plans and technical specifications, architecture defines the structure and/or behavior of a building or any other kind of system that is to be or has been constructed. Architects plan, design and review the construction of buildings and structures for the use of people.

Architects also coordinate and integrate engineering design, which has as its primary objective the creative manipulation of materials and forms using mathematical and scientific principles.

Aviation is the design, development, production, operation, and use of aircraft, especially heavier-than-air aircraft.

Aviation, or air transport, refers to the activities surrounding mechanical flight and the aircraft industry. Aircraft includes fixed-wing and rotary-wing types, morphable wings, wing-less lifting bodies, parachutes, as well as lighter-than-air craft such as balloons and airships. Aviation began in the 18th century with the development of the hot air balloon, an apparatus capable of atmospheric displacement through buoyancy.

It is not just money and ‘success’ that makes you want to become an actor. There is the thrill of performance, the ability to affect an audience by creating an emotional experience, to have an artistic experience yourself in performing. In order to do this, you need to know what you are doing and a course in acting will train you for this and more. Professional musicians, athletes and dancers, embark on a lifetime of training that never ends and the same should be true for actors and those who wish to work in the theatre.

Automotive Engineering is the combination of mechanical engineering, vehicle dynamics, drivetrain engineering and engine design to form a subject that deals with all aspects of vehicle design. Automotive engineers study such subjects as aerodynamics, vehicle ride and handling, power generation, cashworthiness and even management, looking at every component in modern vehicle construction. The entire automotive drivetrain, including the suspension, transmission, brakes, tyres and engine, can be modelled and simulated on computer making developement of new components/vehicles a quick and relatively inexpensive process.As we move into the 21st century, the automobile, in all its forms, will continue to develop, performance, safety and fuel economy will continue to improve and exhaust emissions will continue to reduce. Automotive engineers are at the forefront of this development.

Aerospace engineering is an exciting branch of engineering concerned with the design, construction, and science of aircraft and spacecraft. It is divided into two major and overlapping branches: aeronautical engineering and astronautical engineering. Aerospace Engineering tackles the challenges in Aerospace Technology and Science, focusing on Astrodynamics and Satellite Navigation systems, Vehicle Systems, Bioastronautics, Structures and Material Systems, and Remote Sensing, Earth and Space Sciences.

Banking is generally a highly regulated industry, and government restrictions on financial activities by banks have varied over time and location. Universal banks attempt to offer their customers the full spectrum of financial services under the one roof. A universal bank participates in many kinds of banking activities and is both a Commercial bank and an Investment bank.

Banks offer many different channels to access their banking and other services: Bank branch, ATM, mail, telephone banking, online banking, mobile banking, video banking.

Under English common law, a banker is defined as a person who carries on the business of banking, which is specified as:

• conducting current accounts for his customers
• paying cheques drawn on him, and
• collecting cheques for his customers.

Biotechnology, in plain terms may be understood as manipulation of various life forms for the benefit of mankind. Its common avails can be realized in genetically modified crops, DNA testing, Cheese and Wine production, drug and protein production, medical applications including many others. The sub disciplines of Biotechnology such as Industrial Biotech, Microbial Technology and Genetic Engineering incorporate wide areas of study viz. Cellular-Molecular Biology, Biochemistry, Microbiology, Genetics, Immunology and many more. These courses serve as stepping stones to enter the cutting edge research in Stem Cell Science, Forensics, Nanotechnology and Bioengineering etc.

Bioinformatics is the application of computer technology to the management of biological information. Computers are used to gather, store, analyze and integrate biological and genetic information which can then be applied to gene-based drug discovery and development. The need for Bioinformatics capabilities has been precipitated by the explosion of publicly available genomic information resulting from the Human Genome Project. The science of Bioinformatics, which is the melding of molecular biology with computer science, is essential to the use of genomic information in understanding human diseases and in the identification of new molecular targets for drug discovery.

Computer Science or Computing Science is the study of the theoretical foundations of information and computation, and of practical techniques for their implementation and application in computer systems. It is frequently described as the systematic study of algorithmic processes that create, describe, and transform information.

Computer science has many sub-fields; some, such as computer graphics, emphasize the computation of specific results, while others, such as computational complexity theory, study the properties of computational problems. Still others focus on the challenges in implementing computations. For example, programming language theory studies approaches to describe computations, while computer programming applies specific programming languages to solve specific computational problems, and human-computer interaction focuses on the challenges in making computers and computations useful, usable, and universally accessible to people.

The focus of computer science is more on understanding the properties of the programs used to implement software such as games and web-browsers, and using that understanding to create new programs or improve existing ones.

Communication Studies is an academic field that deals with processes of communication, commonly defined as the sharing of symbols over distances in space and time. Hence, communication studies encompasses a wide range of topics and contexts ranging from face-to-face conversation to speeches to mass media outlets such as television broadcasting. Communication studies, as a discipline, is also often interested in how audiences interpret information and the political, cultural, economic, and social dimensions of speech and language in context.

Communication is institutionalized under many different names at different universities and in various countries, including "communications", "communication studies", "speech communication", "rhetorical studies", "communications science", "media studies", "communication arts", "mass communication", "media ecology," and sometimes even "mediology" although the latter is a different area of study.

Culinary Art is the art of preparing and cooking foods. The word "culinary" is defined as something related to, or connected with, cooking. A culinarion is a person working in the culinary arts. Culinary artists are responsible for skilfully preparing meals that are as pleasing to the palate as to the eye. They are required to have a knowledge of the science of food and an understanding of diet and nutrition. They work primarily in restaurants, delicatessens, hospitals and other institutions. Kitchen conditions vary depending on the type of business, restaurant, nursing home, etc. The occupation for dietitians, nutritionist, chefs,restaurant managers is fairly good, "with as fast as the average" growth. Increasingly a college education with formal qualifications is required for success in this field.

Design is the planning that lays the basis for the making of every object or system. The term "to design" refers to the process of originating and developing a plan for a product, structure, system, or component with intention. It is used for either the final (solution) plan (e.g. proposal, drawing, model, description) or the result of implementing that plan in the form of the final product of a design process.

Designing often requires a designer to consider the aesthetic, functional, and many other aspects of an object or a process, which usually requires considerable research, thought, modeling, interactive adjustment, and re-design.

Methods of Design is a broad area that focuses on:

• Exploring possibilities and constraints by focusing critical thinking skills to research and define problem spaces for   existing products or    services—or the creation of new categories
• Redefining the specifications of design solutions which can lead to better guidelines for traditional design activities   (graphic, industrial,    architectural, etc.);
• Managing the process of exploring, defining, creating artifacts continually over time;
• Prototyping possible scenarios, or solutions that incrementally or significantly improve the inherited situation;
• Trendspotting; understanding the trend process.

Engineering is the discipline, art and profession of acquiring and applying technical, scientific, and mathematical knowledge to design and implement materials, structures, machines, devices, systems, and processes that safely realize a desired objective or invention.

The main branches of Engineering are: Chemical engineering, Aeronautical engineering, Aerospace engineering, Civil engineering, Electrical engineering, Mechanical engineering, as materials engineering, computer engineering, software engineering, mechatronics, robotics, nanotechnology, food process engineering, tribology, molecular engineering, etc.

Environmental studies is the academic field which systematically studies human interaction with the environment. It is a broad interdisciplinary field of study that includes the natural environment, built environment, and the sets of relationships between them. Environmental studies incorporates more of the social sciences for understanding human relationships, perceptions and policies towards the environment.

While distinct from ecology and environmental science, the discipline encompasses study in the basic principles of those two fields of learning as well as the associated subjects, such as: policy, politics, law, economics, sociology and other social aspects, planning, pollution control, natural resources, and the interactions of human beings and nature.

Economics is the social science that studies the production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services. In other words, Economics is the study of how individuals and societies choose to employ those resources: what goods and services will be produced, how they will be produced, and how they will be distributed among the members of society.

Furthermore, Economics is often described as a body of knowledge or study that discusses how a society tries to solve the human problems of unlimited wants and scarce resources. Because economics is associated with human behavior, the study of economics is classified as a social science. Because economics deals with human problems, it cannot be an exact science and one can easily find differing views and descriptions of economics. The elements that constitute the study of economics are: wants, needs, scarcity, resources, goods and services, economic choice, and the laws of supply and demand.

Economics is the social science that studies the production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services. In other words, Economics is the study of how individuals and societies choose to employ those resources: what goods and services will be produced, how they will be produced, and how they will be distributed among the members of society.

Furthermore, Economics is often described as a body of knowledge or study that discusses how a society tries to solve the human problems of unlimited wants and scarce resources. Because economics is associated with human behavior, the study of economics is classified as a social science. Because economics deals with human problems, it cannot be an exact science and one can easily find differing views and descriptions of economics. The elements that constitute the study of economics are: wants, needs, scarcity, resources, goods and services, economic choice, and the laws of supply and demand.

Fine Arts is an art form developed primarily for aesthetics and/or concept rather than practical application. The fine arts include visual and performing art forms, such as painting, sculpture, installation, calligraphy, music, dance, theatre, architecture, photography and printmaking.

In other words, Fine Arts can be defined as a visual art considered to have been created primarily for aesthetic purposes and judged for its beauty and meaningfulness, specifically, painting, sculpture, drawing, watercolor, graphics, and architecture.

Fashion is a general term used for the style and custom prevalent at a given time, in its most common usage refers to costume or clothing style. Fashions may vary considerably within a society according to age, social class, generation, occupation, and geography as well as over time.

The four major current fashion capitals are acknowledged to be Milan, New York City, Paris, and London. Fashion weeks are held in these cities, where designers exhibit their new clothing collections to audiences, and which are all headquarters to the greatest fashion companies and are renowned for their major influence on global fashion.

Food Technology, is a branch of food science which deals with the actual production processes to make foods. Studying Food Technology provides an in depth knowledge of product recalls, sampling and testing, sensory analysis, statistical analysis of data, process control, marketing, application of food additives, production and packaging of food products. Problem solving in production and food product development are provided as major areas of practical application.

Graphic Design is a collaborative process between a client and a designer — in conjunction with producers of form (i.e., printers, programmers, signmakers, etc.)— to convey a specific message to a targeted audience. The term "graphic design" can also refer to a number of artistic and professional disciplines that focus on visual communication and presentation. The field is also often referred to as Visual Communication or Communication Design.

Various methods are used to create and combine words, symbols, and images to create a visual representation of ideas and messages. A graphic designer may use typography, visual arts and page layout techniques to produce the final result. Graphic design often refers to both the process (designing) by which the communication is created and the products (designs) which are generated.

Common uses of graphic design include identity (logos and branding), web sites, publications (magazines, newspapers, and books), advertisements and product packaging. Composition is one of the most important features of graphic design, especially when using pre-existing materials or diverse elements.

The Humanities are academic disciplines which study the human condition, using methods that are primarily analytic, critical, or speculative, as distinguished from the mainly empirical approaches of the natural and social sciences.

Examples of the disciplines of the humanities are ancient and modern languages, literature, law, history, philosophy, religion, and visual and performing arts (including music). Additional subjects sometimes included in the humanities are technology, anthropology, area studies, communication studies, cultural studies, and linguistics, although these are often regarded as social sciences. Scholars working in the humanities are sometimes described as "humanists".

Hospitality Management is the academic study of the hospitality industry. Hospitality management studies provides a focus on management of hospitality operations including hotels, restaurants, amusement parks, destination marketing organizations, convention centers, country clubs, and related industries.

Hospitality management is both a field of work and a field of study. In the work sense, it refers to management of hotels, restaurants, travel agencies, and other institutions in the hospitality industry. As a field of study, it refers to the study of the hospitality industry and its management needs.

Degrees conferred in this academic field include Bachelors of Arts, Bachelors of Science, Masters of Science, MBA, and Doctorate of Philosophy.

Health Science or biomedical science is the applied science dealing with health. There are two approaches to health science: the study and research of the food that we eat; and the study and research of health-related issues to understand how humans and other animals function, and the application of that knowledge to improve health and to prevent and cure diseases. The health sciences industry is a cross-section of the life sciences and the health care and medical diagnostics industries.

Health research builds upon the natural sciences of biology, chemistry, and physics as well as a variety of multidisciplinary fields. Some of the other primarily research-oriented fields that make contributions to health science are biochemistry, epidemiology, genetics, and pharmacology. Some of the applied health specializations and professions are: alternative medicine, biomedical engineering, biotechnology, clinical laboratory science, medicine, nursing, nutrition, pharmacy, public health, psychology, and physical therapy. The provision of services to improve people's health is referred to as health care.

Information Technology (IT) or Information and Communication Technology (ICT) is a broad subject which deals with technology and other aspects of managing and processing information, especially in large organizations. Particularly, IT deals with the use of electronic computers and computer software to convert, store, protect, process, transmit, and retrieve information. Over the past 20 years, its prevalence has dramatically increased so that it is now a part of nearly every aspect of daily life. Information technology is a general term that describes any technology that helps to produce, manipulate, store, communicate, and/or disseminate information.

Some of the most popular information technology skills at the moment are: Computer Networking, Information Security, IT Governance, ITIL, Business Intelligence, Linux, Unix, Project Management.

International Business is the process of focussing on the resources of the globe and objectives of organizations on the global business opportunities and threats in order to buy, sell or exchange goods/services worldwide. This term collectively describe all commercial transactions private and governmental, sales, investments, logistics and transportation that take place between two or more regions, countries and nations beyond their political boundary. It refers to all those business activities which involve cross border transactions of goods, services, resources between two or more nations. Transaction of economic resources include capital, skills, people etc. for international production of physical goods and services such as finance, banking, insurance, construction etc.

Journalism is the discipline of collecting, analyzing, verifying and presenting information regarding current events, trends, issues and people. Those who practice journalism are known as journalists. Journalism covers organizations and institutions such as government and business, cultural aspects of society such as arts and entertainment. The field includes jobs such as editing, photojournalism, and documentary.

In other words, Journalism is the investigation and reporting of events, issues, and trends to a broad audience. In order for a journalist to fulfill their duty of providing the people with the information they need to be free and self-governing. They must follow these guideline :

1. Journalism's first obligation is to the truth.
2. Its first loyalty is to the citizens.
3. Its essence is discipline of verification.
4. Its practitioners must maintain an independence from those they cover.
5. It must serve as an independent monitor of power.
6. It must provide a forum for public criticism and compromise.
7. It must strive to make the significant interesting, and relevant.
8. It must keep the news comprehensive and proportional.
9. Its practitioners must be allowed to exercise their personal conscience.

Law is a system of rules, usually enforced through a set of institutions. It shapes politics, economics and society in numerous ways and serves as a primary social mediator of relations between people. All legal systems deal with the same basic issues, but each country categorises and identifies its legal subjects in different ways.

A common distinction is that between "public law" (a term related closely to the state, and including constitutional, administrative and criminal law), and "private law" (which covers contract, tort and property). In civil law systems, contract and tort fall under a general law of obligations, while trusts law is dealt with under statutory regimes or international conventions. International, constitutional and administrative law, criminal law, contract, tort, property law and trusts are regarded as the "traditional core subjects", although there are many further disciplines which may be of greater practical importance.

Management in all business areas and organizational activities are the acts of getting people together to accomplish desired goals and objectives. Management comprises planning, organizing, staffing, leading or directing, and controlling an organization (a group of one or more people or entities) or effort for the purpose of accomplishing a goal.

Resourcing encompasses the deployment and manipulation of human resources, financial resources, technological resources, and natural resources. In simple terms, management is defined as "the art of getting things done through people".

Marketing is the process by which companies determine what products or services may be of interest to customers, and the strategy to use in sales, communications and business development. It is an integrated process through which companies create value for customers and build strong customer relationships in order to capture value from customers in return. In simple terms, marketing is used to identify the customer, to keep the customer, and to satisfy the customer.

The term marketing concept holds that achieving organizational goals depends on knowing the needs and wants of target markets and delivering the desired satisfactions. Marketing involves: market segmentation, business planning and execution, ending with pre and post-sales promotional activities. It is also related to many of the creative arts.

Mass Media denotes a section of the media specifically designed to reach a large audience. Mass media is any medium used to transmit mass communication Mass media includes: Books, Newspapers, Magazines, and Recordings, Radio, Movies, Television and The Internet media (like blogs, message boards, podcasts, and video sharing).

Mass media can be used for various purposes:

• Advocacy, both for business and social concerns. This can include advertising, marketing, propaganda, public relations,   and political    communication.
• Entertainment, traditionally through performances of acting, music, and sports, along with light reading; since the late   20th century also    through video and computer games.
• Public service announcements.

Mining is the extraction (removal) of minerals and metals from earth. Manganese, tantalum, cassiterite, copper, tin, nickel, bauxite (aluminum ore), iron ore, gold, silver, and diamonds are just some examples of what is mined. Minerals and metals are very valuable commodities. For example, manganese is a key component of low-cost stainless steel. Tantalum is used in cell phones, pagers, and lap-tops. Cooper and tin are used to make pipes, cookware, etc. And gold, silver, and diamonds are used to make jewelry. Mining occurs in many places around the world, including the U.S. In South America, mining is particularly active in the Amazonia region, Guyana, Suriname, and other South American countries.

We live in a media saturated and globalising world. Our knowledge of major political, social and cultural happenings across the world is usually shaped first by the media. We need therefore to understand and ask fundamental questions about the media, its organisation, representations, audiences and possible impacts and influences. Media Communications examines media as diverse as film, television, radio, newspapers, magazines, the internet, mobile phones and videogames. It equip you with the essential critical toolkit for analysing the media and conducting media research. It give you the opportunity to explore issues of media power and the everyday, examining for example the influence of media messages and the ways media are embedded in the everyday lives of audiences.

Nursing is a healthcare profession focused on the care of individuals, families, and communities so they may attain, maintain, or recover optimal health and quality of life from birth to death. Nurses work in a large variety of specialties where they work independently and as part of a team to assess, plan, implement and evaluate care.

The unique function of the nurse is to assist the individual, sick or well, in the performance of those activities contributing to health or its recovery (or to peaceful death) that he would perform unaided if he had the necessary strength, will or knowledge.

Nursing practice is primarily the caring relationship between the nurse and the person in their care. In providing nursing care, nurses are implementing the nursing care plan, which is based on a nursing assessment.

Network Security consists of the provisions and policies adopted by a network administrator to prevent and monitor unauthorized access, misuse, modification, or denial of a computer network and network-accessible resources. Network security covers a variety of computer networks, both public and private, that are used in everyday jobs conducting transactions and communications among businesses, government agencies and individuals. Networks can be private, such as within a company, and others which might be open to public access. Network security is involved in organizations, enterprises, and other types of institutions. It secures the network, as well as protecting and overseeing operations being done.

Nanoscience refers to the observation, identification, description, discovery, experimental investigation, and theoretical interpretation of nanoscale phenomena. Nanoengineering is the application of nanoscience principles to practical ends, such as the design, manufacture, and operation of efficient and functional structures, machines, processes, and systems on the atomic scale. Nanotechnology is rapidly changing the face of our world, broadening our view via unprecedented access to information, unique opportunities to influence our environment, and an ever-growing ability to engineer materials for novel and previously unimaginable applications.

Pharmacy is the health profession that links the health sciences with the chemical sciences, and it is charged with ensuring the safe and effective use of pharmaceutical drugs. The scope of pharmacy practice includes more traditional roles such as compounding and dispensing medications, and it also includes more modern services related to health care, including clinical services, reviewing medications for safety and efficacy, and providing drug information. Pharmacists, therefore, are the experts on drug therapy and are the primary health professionals who optimize medication use to provide patients with positive health outcomes.

An establishment in which pharmacy is practiced is called a pharmacy, chemist's or drug store. The field of Pharmacy can generally be divided into three primary disciplines: Pharmaceutics, Medicinal chemistry and Pharmacognosy, Pharmacy practice. Pharmacology is sometimes considered a fourth discipline of pharmacy. Although pharmacology is essential to the study of pharmacy, it is not specific to pharmacy. Therefore it is usually considered to be a field of the broader sciences.

Other specializations in pharmacy practice recognized by the Board of Pharmaceutical Specialties include: cardiovascular, infectious disease, oncology, pharmacotherapy, nuclear, nutrition, and psychiatry.

Science is a systematic enterprise of gathering knowledge about the world and organizing and condensing that knowledge into testable laws and theories. It includes the use of careful observation, experiment, measurement, mathematics, and replication — to be considered a science, a body of knowledge must stand up to repeated testing by independent observers. The use of the scientific method to make new discoveries is called Scientific Research, and the people who carry out this research are called Scientists. The purpose of science is to produce useful models of reality. Applied science or engineering is the practical application of scientific knowledge.

Science as defined above is sometimes called pure science to differentiate it from applied science, which is the application of research to human needs.

Telecom Engineering is a major field within electronic engineering. The work ranges from basic circuit design to strategic mass developments. A telecommunication engineer is responsible for designing and overseeing the installation of telecommunications equipment and facilities, such as complex electronic switching systems, copper telephone facilities, and fiber optics. Telecom engineering also overlaps heavily with broadcast engineering. It is a diverse field of engineering including electronics, civil, structural, and electrical engineering, as well as being a political and social ambassador, a little bit of accounting and a lot of project management. Ultimately, telecom engineers are responsible for providing the method for customers to have telephone and high-speed data services.